Response and the Limits of Kinetic Security Strategy: Evaluating Law Enforcement and Amotekun’s Effectiveness Against Kidnapping in Ondo State, Nigeria

Nigeria’s response to increasing kidnap cases have predominantly been based on kinetic initiatives-patrols, arrests, rescue operations, use of state & community-based armed units. This paper sets to examine the extent to which the present architecture of security in Ondo state, Nigeria, comprising both the Nigeria police and the state-backed community based armed unit –Amotekun (the Western Nigeria Security Network)- is institutionally equipped to effectively respond to kidnapping as a human-security-scale problem, and not just a law-and-order incident. Employing a convergent mixed-method design on three local government areas in Ondo state-Akure North (Iju), Akoko south East (Isua) and Akoko North East (Ikare Akoko), it used a survey instrument on 280 residents (93% response rate) and three Focus group discussion sessions with community members and security agents. The study found out that despite 96% awareness of the police and 85.4% attribution of credit for some accomplishments to them, only 36.1% rated themes very effective to 38.2% who described as not very effective, with 36% who said their responses were unsatisfactory. Kidnapping was found to critically impair economic (stoppage of local business, M=4.83) food (obstructed farming, M=4.73) health (pilgrimage of healthcare providers away from locality, M=4.24) and transport (disrupted movement of goods, M=4.67) security respectively. While qualitative evidence has attributed better responsiveness and higher level of trust in Amotekun compared to the conventional police, the forces still suffer from inadequate vehicles, poor surveillance technologies, ineffective coordination with the conventional police. Both forces were said to be institutionally designed as kinetic and incident-driven which may not equip them to tackle a threat that is predominantly economic, agricultural, medicinal and logistical. Suggestions are hereby posited on development of an all-layer security-governance approach with focus on kinetics linked with structural investment of rural economies and on proper inter-agencies coordination.


Keywords: kidnapping, kinetic security, effectiveness of law enforcement agencies, Amotekun, human security, Ondo state, Nigeria, security governance.

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